Vol. 2, Issue 1, Part A (2020)

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder with widespread systemic complications, including dermatological manifestations. Skin changes can often be the earliest indicators of the disease.

Objective: To assess the prevalence and pattern of cutaneous manifestations in patients with diabetes mellitus attending a tertiary care hospital in coastal Karnataka.

Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from May to August 2020 among 150 diabetic patients at the dermatology outpatient department. Demographic data, duration and type of diabetes, glycemic control (HbA1c), and skin changes were recorded.

Results: Of the 150 patients, 87 were males and 63 were females. The most common cutaneous manifestations observed were infections (57%), xerosis (44%), diabetic dermopathy (36.6%), acanthosis nigricans (25.3%), and pruritus (22%). Poor glycemic control was significantly associated with infectious and pruritic dermatoses.

Conclusion: Skin manifestations in diabetic patients are common and varied. Regular dermatological evaluation of diabetic patients may aid in early diagnosis and better management of systemic complications.